Origin: Imperial Russia
Year: 1915-16
Type: Machine Rifle
Caliber: 6.5x50mm Arisaka
Weight: 5.2 kg (11.5 lbs)
Length: 1,045 mm (41.1 in)
Barrel Length: 520 mm (20.5 in)
Capacity: 25 rds

Sometimes credited as one of the first assault rifles, the Fedorov Avtomat was a machine rifle designed by Vladimir Fedorov for the government of Tsarist Russia during the First World War. The rifle was initially designed to fire a proprietary 6.5mm cartridge also designed by Fedorov; however, the difficulties associated with the production of a new caliber during wartime resulted in the Avtomat being chambered for the 6.5x50mm Arisaka cartridge, which the Russian government had recently acquired along with a shipment of Arisaka rifles from the Japanese government.

Though an initial order was placed for 25,000 rifle in 1916, the end of World War I and the outbreak of the Russian Revolution resulted in only 3,200 being produced before production finally ceased in 1925. Though its career with the Russian Empire was short-lived, the design would see use during the Russian Civil war before being placed into storage by the Soviet government in the late 1920s. The "Fedorov" would see its last tour of duty during the the Winter War where it was issued to increase the firepower of Red Army forces. Low production numbers combined with attrition through the Russian Civil War and the Winter War have led to very few examples of the Fedorov remaining.